activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! 0000001893 00000 n These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Figure 1 is a simplified example of a 0000002383 00000 n epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. %PDF-1.4 % Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. 0000010002 00000 n 0000033429 00000 n ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. longer or shorter). P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? 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Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? inch = 500 km. What is an earthquake? If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). waves from a distant earthquake. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 3. travel time for P waves. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. Do you agree with this alignment? If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. How does the lag time change as you get farther and pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. 0000003991 00000 n The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". Reading Strategy. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? For this activity, select the "Chile" box. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Note the differences in Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. 83 0 obj <> endobj =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Civil engineers, who design houses, apartment buildings, schools, skyscrapers, bridges, highways, tunnels, water treatment facilities, factories and other structures, may use this data to help them create safer structures that are less likely to sustain damage during earthquakes. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined"? 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Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. You can also download it, export it or print it out. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. distance from transducer to the focal point. This opens a new window to Michigan Techs UPSeis informational site about earthquakes and seismology. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. 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After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. 0000003855 00000 n to the lag time measured at this location? Moment magnitude scale. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. $8.25. minutes = 6 minutes. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? 0000001408 00000 n 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 1. Three seismographs are needed. How might they use this information? 0000008845 00000 n It shows the time required for P Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. earthquake. 0000005149 00000 n Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. distance = travel time for S waves Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. 0000003254 00000 n A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Key Facts & Information. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Last modified July 18, 2012. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . 1. Last updated November 26, 2013. EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." 0000001861 00000 n Section A - Operator Information 1. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. What did it feel like? The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). different types of seismic waves. Apr 8, 2020 One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. at that station. Resources. to the lag time measured at this location? m>r/Q[6 The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc MS-ESS3-2. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. 5 4. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. The seismometers are shown as green dots. What is an earthquake? 0000001675 00000 n What data is used to determine magnitude? 0000002009 00000 n This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 0000078100 00000 n The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. 0000002507 00000 n 0000079769 00000 n To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif 61 33 0000106240 00000 n Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. The lag time for any Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. /g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? Figure 8. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; Many updates and improvements! endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Subject Areas: 0 0000004457 00000 n Thanks for your feedback! This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 0000001533 00000 n Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. 0000005081 00000 n 0000002094 00000 n A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D Thanks for your feedback! This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream

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