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Tola This tells us that in Jephthahs time, Israel had occupied the area east of the Jordan river for 300 years. IBZAN of Bethlehem in Hebrew means: splendid Tribe of Zebulun, ruled for 7 years 1081BC-1073BC Judges 12:8-10 30 sons 30 daughters. He would campaign in Canaan and beyond almost annually for a period of 19 years, from his 23rd to 42nd reginal years, including one campaign that specifically mentions the Shasu. Lisa and her husband, Stephen, a pastor, live in a small Ohio village with their crazy cat, Lewis. Ruth is the great grandmother of King David. For a more scholarly discussion see Newgrosh, Bernard, Rohl, David M., and Van der Veen, Peter G., The el-Amarna Letters and Israelite History, Journal of the Ancient Chronology Forum (JACF), Vol 6, 1993. https://patternsofevidence.com/2019/06/01/artifacts-show-biblical-exodus/, https://patternsofevidence.com/2021/09/24/inscription-provides-bible-archaeology-link/, Joshua 14:10. Posted on June 8, 2022 ; in pete davidson first snl episode; by The alternative of private sacrifices undermined the idea of the Tabernacle as the central location for religious life. It opens on a very high note. Samuel judged Israel, &c. For though Saul was king in Samuel's last days, yet Samuel did not cease to be a judge, being so made by God's extraordinary call, which Saul could not destroy; and therefore Samuel did sometimes, upon great occasions, though not ordinarily, exercise the office of judge after the beginning of Saul's reign; and the years of the rule of Saul and . Then God asked Samuel later to anoint David as king. The book of Judges is a sad book in many respects. Peace for 80 years. Based on scholars, the similar person was presented in this part of the Bible, and that the text was only moved from the Book of Judges and into the current location in the Song of Deborah. All rights reserved. These are Jephthah (6 years), Ibzan (7 years), Elon (10 years), and Abdon (8 years). 7:3; Deut. At this point we are beyond the scope of the book of Judges, but we need to assign a reign length to Saul and, before that, to Samuel for the period between the death of Eli and the coronation of Saul. There is no indication of any period of peace until I Samuel 7:13, following the battle of Mizpah where it states, the Philistines were subdued and did not come any more into the territory of Israel. Judge Shamgar, in the Book of Judges, was a great man who was able to drive away the Philistines and prevent them from invading the Israelite regions. On this timeline the Exodus occurs in the reign of Amenhotep II, somewhere after his Year 9, his last recorded campaign in Canaan. Gideon was not the Leader even the majority of his life: He lived fifty-two years. He also delivered Israel. This gives a total of 66 years. Of particular interest to us are Antiquities Book 5 covering the period from the death of Moses to the death of Eli and Book 6 covering the period from the death of Eli to the death of Saul. See book the of Ruth. A Biblical Judge is "a ruler, a chieftain or a military leader, as well as someone who presided over legal matters". Option 1 is also inconsistent with the overlap between judges and oppressions that I believe applies to the late period. Judges 10:1-2. The first number given in Judges is the 8-year oppression by Cushan-Rishathaim recorded in Judges 3:8. Consequently, Ussher has Jephthah following immediately after Jair and the continuation of his chronology is shown in grey. Each person went back to his own tribe. 1.Start where you are 3. [10] All of the major city states in Canaan in this time period were Egyptian vassals, not just the Philistines. This series of events is harder to date as it does not have a parallel in Joshua. Eight years: It was many years of bondage before Israel cried out unto the LORD. The name Syria-of-Rivers given in the Septuagint is perhaps the most revealing and places this kingdom between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what today is eastern Syria and western Iraq. I believe the 40-year reign for Saul to be a Jewish tradition from Pauls time. 9 "Certainly I will go with you," said Deborah. ), Jephthah (1087-1081 B.C. Shamgar, it is written, killed 600 of the Philistines with an oxgoad, and he also saved Israel (Judges 3:31). However, these Judges described in Judges exercised their authority over one or other tribe but, never the entire nation. The other two options can be represented graphically as shown below in Figures 5 and 6. Thus, we do not need to look for any missing years and can continue with our chronology. They ruled over the Ancient State of Israel between 1150 BC until 1025 BC ca., until the anointing of Saul, the first King of Israel and thus, the beginning of the monarchy period in the Holy Land. Shamgar is a man of mystery, and he is part of the larger mystery of salvation in the book of Judges. Beginning with Othniel and continuing through Gideon to Abimilech, there are three 40-year intervening periods and one of 80 years for a total of 200 years. ), Ibzan (1081-1075 B.C. We know that his death occurred at the time of the loss of the ark to the Philistines and immediately preceded the judgeship of Samuel. Again, we have options: Regardless of which option we choose, the basic structure of our timeline will be the same, just squeezed in different ways. Shamgar served as the third judge over Israel, after Othniel and Ehud. With the absence of an Old Testament reference to tie it to, I am going to dismiss Pauls 40-year number for now and see what else we can find. The total of the years given in the book of Judges is 410. But it's safe to assume that Shamgar actually killed the Philistines under the influence of the Spirit because it was the way God used the others, ( Judges 15:14; Judges 3:10 ). Your email address will not be published. This coincides with the period of Midianite oppression. We also know He is good, for He is God. In Judges 3:31, we meet Shamgar. Nolen Jones approach would allow for a full 40 years under Gideon while still allowing a short gap between Jair and Jephthah. He too saved Israel." While his teacher was alive, Samuel was not allowed to render legal decisions. It then provides the overall narrative pattern of the book: Israel forsakes the LORD and serves other gods, the LORD delivers them into the hands of an enemy, the people call on the LORD in their misery, and He sends a judge to deliver them. "And he also delivered Israel." Shamgar slew of the Philistines six hundred men with an ox goad: and he also delivered Israel. My sense here is that Josephus got it backward and that we should give 20 years to Samuel and 12 to Saul. But Shamgar was one man, one man upon whom the Holy Spirit fell so he could accomplish Gods will for him (and for Gods people). Although Scripture only devotes a single verse to this Bible battle, we can learn a surprising sum from it. Abijah; they were judges in Beersheba. The dating of this inscription is disputed, but it may date as early as Thutmose III or as late as Rameses II. So Deborah went with Barak to Kedesh. Now appoint for us a king to judge us like all the nations (1 Samuel 8:5). In my article on Saul I found, based on the details of the narrative in I Samuel, that the minimum length of Sauls reign is about 12 years. Both were so wicked, they were Judges in Beersheba, and Samuel was so old that Israel who wanted to be like the other nations asked for and got a king. Judges 3:31 says, "After Ehud came Shamgar son of Anath, who struck down six hundred Philistines with an oxgoad. your ways. In the generally accepted, orthodox chronology, the area of Canaan is ruled by Egypt throughout the Judges period, specifically the 18th through 21st dynasties of the Egyptian New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period. That child was Samuel, who would become the next Judge, one of historys greatest prophets, an equal to Moses in many respects, as well as savior of Israel. If we place the sequence of Jephthah through Abdon end to end and immediately prior to Samson, we get the picture in Figure 3. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers.. Visit Stack Exchange justice. 3. 1. Oppression by a king of Hazor in this period is not inconsistent with Egyptian dominance under Ramesses II as the king would likely be an Egyptian vassal[10]. Saul, Hebrew Shaul, (flourished 11th century bc, Israel), first king of Israel (c. 1021-1000 bc). One of the 70 children of Gideon (the son of a concubine). Much of this is simply because, In those days there was no king in Israel (Judges 21:25), and consequently no central government to fight wars, build monuments, keep records, or (perhaps most important to the Egyptians) levy taxes and pay tribute. 17. Scripture records a series of four judges prior to Samson. Samuel prayed to the LORD. they have rejected Me, that I should not reign over them." spokesmen, and their desire for a human ruler whom (40 years)(Judg 6:11-8:32) thing displeased Samuel when they said, Give us a king to judge us. So Similarly, the 300 years given by Jephthah may not be exact. Indeed, the land originally given to Dan was along the coast west of Judah and included at least one Philistine city, Ekron. I want to know the specific thing that kills SHAMGAR, I learned quite a bit about this man,[judge Shamgar] I never realized that when I started this message, that I could actually make a three point message out of. Shamgar, son of Anath (Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans} amgar), is the name of one or possibly two individuals named in the Book of Judges. Although this article won't dive into everything, it'll highlight two major portions of . When we read about what Shamgar did, we recall the mighty acts of Samson and his ruinous relationship with women, especially Delilah, and his run-in with the Philistines because of his lust for her. ), Elon (1075-1065 B.C. Each of them acted in selfish and disobedient ways, yet it was their faith for which they are commended. 12. The verse says: And Samuel judged Israel all the days of his life (7:15). After all the wars, this brought Jewish morale to a new low. Some of them received only a brief mention in the Book of Judges. Shamgar also was an instrument in the fulfillment of Scripture (Leviticus 26:22, Isaiah 33:8). Before we can begin to figure out how to compress everything into the available time, we first need to get a complete picture of what it is that we have to compress. As indicated above, I do not believe that Option 1.1 is viable because it compresses the time between the conquest and the first oppression to an unreasonable level. This might be expected given that the people of Israel at this time were largely farmers and herdsmen. Another occasion where Shamgar was mentioned was in the Song of Deborah. 16. (12 years app.) Also of note, and key to constructing a proper chronology, is that in the Late Period the time allotted to each judge changes from being a spacer between oppressions and likely overlaps those oppressions. 12. [3] See https://patternsofevidence.com/2019/06/01/artifacts-show-biblical-exodus/ for photos and more detail on the Israel Stele, Berlin Pedestal, and Shasu of YHWH name ring. 15. how many years did shamgar judge israel. Ehud rid Israel from Eglon, king of Moab. This period started with the leadership of Moses and finished with Samuel officiating over the crowning of Saul. next 450 years? the people in all that they say to you; for they have not rejected you, but Besides lacking central temporal authority (i.e. When we get into the detailed chronology of this period we will look at potential ways to handle this. ways; they turned aside after dishonest gain, took bribes, and perverted The alignment between the Judges timeline and the New Chronology is shown in Figure 9. wauconda police blotter 2021; teamster retiree health insurance; changmin wife photo; frank slootman house; is niko omilana the mayor of london; The Spirit of God must have . Josephus gives a period of 32 years for Samuel and Saul combined in the heading to Antiquities Book 6. Found in a temple constructed in the reign of Amenhotep III is a list of the enemies of Pharoah which mentions the Shasu of YHWH. Nevertheless, there was still a threat from the north by a king named Yavin, whose fortified city-state lay in the Galilee. This implies that Joshua and the elders that outlived him had all perished a mere ten years after the completion of the conquest and Israel had already fallen into sin. However, with the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt by Amose, the first Pharoah of the Eighteenth Dynasty, the political situation in Canaan changes. Samuel The timeline for the book of Judges is a puzzle, but one that is largely solvable. Here are the options: I am going to dismiss Option 1 at this point as we still have 354 years[6] to fit in the 315 years between the entry into Canaan and Jephthah so we are still looking for some compression. And all the house of Israel lamented after the LORD. As with each of the 12 judges and other people throughout Scripture, when we read about their exploits, we gain insight into ourselves. Shamgar is not as compelling a character as, say, Gideon, or even Jephthah. (Unknown)(Judg 3:31)(Judg 5:6) Now these are the nations that the Lord left, to test Israel by them, that is, all in Israel who had not experienced all the wars in Canaan. After Joshuas death, there was a slow re-infiltration of the enemies whom he had driven from the land. What is the meaning of AD, BC, BCE and CE? (NKJV). Things are good all the days of the judge, but once he or she is gone, the people quickly revert to following other gods and the cycle repeats. how to verify an unverified sender in outlook. Shamgar is essentially a footnote at the end of Judges Chapter 3: 31After him [Ehud] was Shamgar the son of Anath, who killed six hundred men of the Philistines with an ox goad; and he also delivered Israel. In the conquest of Canaan, Othniel captured Debir. The conquest of Laish by Dan is recorded in Joshua 19:47 where the city is called Leshem. The Introduction provides a summary of the situation at the end of the conquest of Canaan and then revisits the death of Joshua a sort of here is what you missed from last weeks episode. how many years did shamgar judge israel. David Rohl in his New Chronology has identified a number of the figures from the time of I Samuel with those mentioned in the Amarna letters, most notably Saul. 6. And He raised up twelve judges to bring salvation to the people (Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Gideon, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, and Samson). 13. The Midianites were descended from Abraham through his second wife, Keturah, and recall that Jethro, Moses father-in-law, was a priest of Midian. Also, Hazor was destroyed approximately 1200 BC, or close to the time where we will place Deborah and Barak. they have rejected Me, that I should not reign over them. The stories of Micahs idol and the Levites concubine and subsequent war with Benjamin dont impact the overall chronology, but we will try to place them once we have a chronological framework in place. Indeed, he went out of his way to terrorize them. The vacuum of leadership created by the death Joshua led to all sorts of challenges. Sequence of events and locations: a. First, let's examine the macro before we move into the micro. He then led the tribe of Ephraim to seize the fords of the Jordan, where they killed about 10,000 Moabite soldiers. They marauded and raided the Jewish people, who had to pay tribute to them as well as conduct foreign policy according to the desire of their Philistine masters. (8 years)(Judg 12:13-15) HE will do the rest! Employing a new secret weapon torches inside glass: the first Molotov Cocktails he took a small army of 300 men and destroyed a Midian army of thousands. (22 years)(Judg 10:3-5) As a result, Israel enjoyed peace for about 80 years. [8] This article is, in fact, my second attempt at a Judges chronology. ABIJAH (Abiah) in Hebrew means: JAH is Father 2nd son. It also allows for a more direct reading of scripture in the early part of the chronology. How Daniels Prophecy of 70 Weeks Connects to the End Times. They moved it to yet another city and the same plague broke out there. But the Hebrew word here is p, which has a much broader meaning. In the scriptures, this man was presented as one of the previous rulers of the land. The event in which they delivered Israel is not necessarily the beginning of their service as a judge, though it well could be that event which elevates them in status as was clearly the case with Gideon. This chronology is discussed at length by Dr. Floyd Nolen Jones[9]. For the next 40 years the Jewish people knew real peace. b. Before returning to the timeline, we need to address the one judge in this period who is not given any years, namely Shamgar. (NKJV). If the dating is correct, this may refer to someone that was named after the famous hero. I have not been able to find a satisfactory link between the name Cushan-Rishathaim and any ruler of this area, though we dont have a complete list for this period, particularly in the context of the New Chronology. Shamgar He can be found on the Biblical Timeline starting at 1354 BC. Recall that we have Jephthah at the 300-year mark or perhaps a bit later. The period of the judges is 1350 - 1014 BC for a total of 336 years. [ NB: The 450 years of Acts 13:20 is often discussed . Jerub-Baal in Hebrew means: let baal contend. The key question for the Late Period is, what judges or events, if any, should be placed in parallel? 11), which took place about 180 years before the battle recorded in Judges 4. After reading the account of Ehud and the killing of about 10,000 Moabites, it is normal to see Shamgar and the Philistines he killed as simply part of a list of the accomplishments of a man of war. On the downside, he leaves out one judge (Tola) entirely and fails to provide a number for another (Abdon). Judges 3:1, 2 reveals the extraordinary purpose of God during this period of the nation of Israel. Gods infinite justice and mercy are on display throughout the book of Judges. It was only in order that the generations of the people of Israel might know war, to teach war to those who had not known it before (italics added for emphasis). Jericho as a city was destroyed by Joshua and not rebuilt until the reign of Ahab (I Kings 16:34), so how was it that Eglon had his palace there? (Judges 5:6 ESV) Life as Israel had known it, a life of peace and prosperity under the rule of and faithfulness to the LORD, had ceased. The political situation in the Levant during this period is largely one of Egyptian control. Employing this new technology, he innovated a method of mechanized warfare using chariots that no one could match. Hannover Turismo This solution achieves the necessary compression. I also believe that my approach is superior to that of Nolan Jones as it simultaneously reconciles to both scripture and Josephus. Othniel (Caleb's nephew), Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah (the lone woman), Gideon, Verses 6-7 testify to the events as they transpired while Shamgar served as judge, In the days of Shamgar, son of Anath, in the days of Jael, the highways were abandoned, and travelers kept to the byways. Finally, we learn that Samson judges Israel for 20 years (Judges 16:31). 4a. But when placed next to the New Chronology for Egypt, the alignment is excellent and contributes some new insights as to the causes of the later oppressions. Probably not later that the time of Ehud, and perhaps only shortly after the death of Joshua. Amenhotep II follows up on his fathers efforts with campaigns in his years 2, 7, and 9. (23 years)(Judg 10:1-2) There were clearly people operating in the mind of the Lord, but when we come to the end of the book we find a very . The first flaw relative to the orthodox chronology is that Jericho was, based on the latest scarabs found in the destruction, destroyed some 300 years before the time of Thutmose IV, during the early Hyksos period. That gives us more to compress, but at last we have a full set of numbers to work with. Jabin sent to the king of Shimron, the king of Achshaph, the kings in the . The villagers ceased in Israel; they ceased until I, Deborah, arose as a mother in Israel. Indeed, as far as what we see in the Word, Shamgar acted alone in his turn as the deliverer of Israel. how many years did shamgar judge israel. These were not altars for idol worship, but a place in the backyard to offer private sacrifices. Sisera came to the tent of a man named Heber the Kenite (Judges 4:11), whose wife, Yael, seduced him and then drove a peg through his temple with a hammer. Nevertheless, he became a true hero performing legendary feats of bravery and strength (see Judges 14:6 and 15:15). The book of Judges records seven periods of rebellion and abandonment against Gods rule. What is interesting is that the length of the various oppressions is precise: 8, 18, 20, and 7 years. "Now it came to pass when Samuel was old that he made his sons judges over Ussher used dates of 1491 BC for the Exodus and 1011 BC for the fourth year of Solomons reign and Nolen Jones sticks with these dates. Now make us a king to judge us like all the nations. But the ), Abdon (1065-1058 B.C. He was the master of covert operations, hitting the Philistines hard without them realizing it was he who did it. It touched my heart. A single verse. Judge Samson. The judges continued until Saul was made king, which ended the line of judges. 8 Barak said to her, "If you go with me, I will go; but if you don't go with me, I won't go.". The period of the Judges therefore spanned 400 years (40 + 360 yrs). Judges 21:25 sums up the state of the nation of Israel at the time of the deliverers (judges) sent by God, "In those days there was no king in Israel. Their unholy behavior caused Israels elders to come to Samuel and say, Behold, you are old and your sons do not walk in your ways. Your email address will not be published. Gezer [Canaan] has been captured; First, a 40-year period of oppression under the Philistines begins (Judges 13:1). Archaeology has shown that there was a single, small palace built on the Jericho mound between its destruction and rebuilding, known aptly as the middle building. The 4th year of Solomon's reign mentioned in 1Kings 6:1 marked the completion of the 40 years of King David. ] Thus, when we read about the actions of the Philistines we should see an Egyptian hand pulling the strings. Jesus crosses the Kidron Valley Jesus is arrested Jesus is taken to the Praetorium Jesus is tried by Pilate The death of Judas Jesus is executed by crucifixion The Pharisees mount a guard on the tomb Jesus rises from the tomb Jesus appears to his followers Jesus is taken into God's presence Jesus appears to Peter, James & Paul 7. Thus, we are not given the name of a single Midianite king responsible for this next seven-year oppression. According to Judges 3:31, he saved Israel by slaying 600 Philistines with an oxgoad. This gives a total of 44 years, Place Tola, Jair, and the oppression in parallel. They were frightened of Sisera and as the battle took form the other tribes mostly stood by and watched, which was indicative of the times of the Judges. As vassals, the cities of the Philistine pentapolis would have been required to send tribute to Pharoah and their oppression of Israel may be seen simply as a way to acquire resources to meet their Pharaonic obligations. After Deborah, eight different Judges ruled Israel over approximately the next 120 years. The first two years his mother nursed him. However, our understanding of the Egyptian presence in Canaan in the time of Amenhotep III is such that it would not permit an outside power from beyond the Euphrates (i.e., Cushan) to have control far enough south to oppress Israel. Abdon 12:13-15. We do not respect them for their follies, we respect them for their faith. 15 Jehovah tells Gideon that his army of 32,000 is too large and that the size may give cause for human bragging about victory. Here it seems we are being given the names of all of the judges in a sequence much like the lists of kings in Kings and Chronicles. In those ancient times, the word Mesopotamia described the fertile, well-watered area that would be today Eastern Syria and Northern Iraq. Finally, our right-hand bookend rests on the death of Saul. The book of Judges ends with two stories (and the book of Ruth might be considered a third) that take place in this period; but, on the surface, we are not given any specifics that allow us to tie these events to the time of a specific judge. With that in mind, lets get started. ABIMELECH in Hebrew means: father of a king (bad) 3 years - 1151BC-1149BC. Somos un canal de Estudios Bblicos, y estudios teolgicos. Why Should We Know about the Overlooked Judge Shamgar. Othniel (Caleb's nephew), Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah (the lone woman), Gideon, Abimelech, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, Samson, Eli and Samuel. disputes. JUDGE SHAMGAR BY A. how many years did shamgar judge israel. It only states that, the children of Israel grew stronger and stronger against Jabin king of Canaan, until they had destroyed [him] (Judges 4:24). Yanoam [unknown] is made non-existent. Abimelech, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, Samson, Eli and Samuel. There were great leaders as well as tyrannical leaders like Avimelech (see chart below). The following is a presentation from Council 5207 Lecturer, John F. Meyer: Judges in the Old Testament were not magistrates, but military leaders chosen by God to aid the Israelites in times of external danger. While exact dates are not possible, I do believe that there are clues as to where to place these events on the timeline. This seems to fit our requirements. 3. All together, Josephus gives us a total of 60 additional years: 28 between the conquest of Canaan and the first judge, and 32 for Samuel and Saul. ". If the Berlin Pedestal can be dated as early as the reign of Thutmose III, it makes sense for him to claim victory over Israel in this context. 14. Son of Anath Judges 3:31. The opening Judges 4:4-5 tells this much: At that time Deborah, a prophetess, wife of Lappidoth, was judging Israel. He killed all his brothers and claimed the leadership. For those not familiar with it, the New Chronology was proposed as a solution to the many dark ages in ancient history and specifically to internal inconsistencies in the chronology of the Third Intermediate Period. The ninth Judge after Deborah, the thirteenth Judge overall, was Samson, who is arguably the most difficult one to characterize and understand. He slaughtered 600 invading Philistines with an oxgoad, a formidable weapon about 3 meters long with a sharp metal point. The Bible does not say whether it was during a single rout or over the course of time, but it is a feat worthy of note. But his sons did not walk in his The overlap here is clear, and this is the first step in solving our time compression problem. In the end though, the dates are not very different and should there ever be an archaeological find that produces an approximate date for one of these judges it is unlikely to be precise enough to distinguish between the two proposed timelines. ).Read more , Copyright JesusAlive.cc All rights reserved. The judges continued until Saul was made king, which ended the line of judges. Consequently, the Judges account supports an early date for the Exodus. In Gods Word, we are witness to a panorama of the many people He used for His divine and perfect purposes. While Israel is oppressed 20 years by Jabin king of Hazor, Deborah judges between Bethel & Ramah: 1204-1184 BC. Then all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel I Samuel 4:18 states that Eli had judged Israel for 40 years. c. Deborah tells Barak to assemble his army for a battle that will take place at Mt. However, there is no Old Testament reference to the length of Sauls reign. What is not immediately clear is where to place Samson relative to Samuel and Eli. But for now, I will proceed with Option 2. Instead of one Jewish people there were twelve tribes who had a loose allegiance to each other. Jair My official timeline will however be based on Option 2. Othniel Then were off and running to look up that account.